Saturated aur Unsaturated Solution
Paani kitna namak gholega? Kya uski bhi koi “had” hai? 🧂
🧭 Is Post Mein
📖 Kahani: Golu ki Bahut Meethi Chai aur Namak ka Muqabla
Sunday ki subah thi. Golu ne pehli baar khud chai banayi. Meetha pasand hai, toh usne cup mein chammach pe chammach cheeni daal di. Pehli teen chammach toh ghul gayin, lekin uske baad cheeni ghulna band! Cup ke neeche cheeni ke daane jam gaye. “Arre, meri cheeni kahan ghulegi ab?”
Yeh dekh kar Priya ne ek challenge diya: “Chalo dekhte hain, aadhe glass paani mein kitne chammach namak ghulta hai!” Rohan ne shaan se kaha: “Paani mein toh jitna marzi daalo, sab ghul jaayega. Bas zor se hilaate raho!”
Priya ne ek-ek chammach namak daala aur ginti karti gayi. Kuch chammach ke baad Rohan kitna bhi hilaye, namak glass ke neeche baitha hi raha. 😮
Toh sawaal yeh hai: kya paani ki ghulane ki bhi koi had (limit) hoti hai? Golu ki chai ko kaise theek karein? Aur kya zor se hilaane se sab ghul jaata hai? Chaliye, aaj yahi dhoondhte hain. 🔍
🎯 Is Post Mein Kya Seekhenge
- Ek tay matra ka solvent kitna solute ghol sakta hai, uski “had”
- Unsaturated aur saturated solution kise kehte hain, aur unhe kaise pehchaanein
- Solubility ka matlab, aur alag cheezon ki solubility alag kyun hoti hai
- Concentrated aur dilute solution, aur do gholon mein “kaun zyada gaadha” kaise nikaalein
- NCERT ki “kitne chammach namak ghulega” activity, apne shabdon mein
🧱 Basics: Pehle Yeh Aana Chahiye
1. Solution do ya zyada cheezon ka uniform mixture hai. Jo ghulta hai woh solute, jis mein ghulta hai woh solvent.
2. Ghulne par solute ke kan bahut chhote ho kar solvent ke kanon ke beech bikhar jaate hain, isliye dikhte nahi.
3. Bhaag (division) aur “har 100 mein kitna”: do gholon ki tulna karne ke liye hum dono ko ek hi matra (jaise 100 mL) pe laakar dekhte hain. Yeh simple bhaag ka kaam hai.
💡 Concept: Saturated aur Unsaturated Solution
Step 1: Paani ki bhi ek had hai. Jab hum thode paani mein namak daalte jaate hain, toh shuru mein har chammach ghul jaata hai. Lekin ek samay aata hai jab paani aur namak nahi gholta. Uske baad daala gaya namak neeche baith jaata hai, chahe kitna bhi hilao.
Step 2: Unsaturated solution. Jis solution mein us taapmaan (temperature) par aur solute ghul sakta hai, use unsaturated solution kehte hain. Jaise ek glass paani mein ek chammach namak: abhi aur namak ghul jaayega.
Step 3: Saturated solution. Jis solution mein us taapmaan par aur solute nahi ghul sakta, use saturated solution kehte hain. Iski pehchaan: extra daala gaya solute bina ghule neeche baitha rehta hai.
Step 4: Kaise pehchaanein? (Chutki test)
👉 Chutki ghul gayi → ghol unsaturated tha.
👉 Chutki nahi ghuli, neeche baith gayi → ghol saturated hai.
Step 5: Solubility. Kisi tay matra ke solvent (jaise 100 mL ya 100 g paani) mein, ek taapmaan par, kisi solute ki jo sabse zyada matra ghul sakti hai, use us solute ki solubility kehte hain. Har cheez ki solubility alag hoti hai: cheeni bahut zyada ghulti hai, namak usse kam, aur baking soda aur bhi kam.
Step 6: “Us taapmaan par” kyun bolte hain? Kyunki taapmaan badalne se had bhi badal jaati hai. Zyaadatar solids garam paani mein zyada ghulte hain. Isiliye “saturated” hamesha kisi ek taapmaan ke liye hota hai. (Taapmaan ka asar hum agle post mein detail mein padhenge.)
Step 7: Concentrated aur dilute. Jis ghol mein solvent ke hisaab se solute zyada ho, woh concentrated (gaadha); jis mein kam ho, woh dilute (patla). Do gholon ki tulna karni ho toh dono ko ek hi matra ke solvent pe laakar dekho:
Ghol B: 4 chammach namak, 50 mL paani mein.
B ko 100 mL pe laao: 50 mL mein 4 chammach, toh 100 mL mein 4 × 2 = 8 chammach.
A mein har 100 mL pe 2 chammach, B mein 8 chammach. Toh B, A se 4 guna zyada concentrated hai. ✔
Sirf “zyada chammach” dekhna kaafi nahi; dekhna hai ki kitne paani mein kitna solute hai.
Ek line mein: aur ghul sake = unsaturated; aur na ghule = saturated; 100 g solvent mein zyada se zyada kitna ghule = solubility.
🖼️ Diagrams: Picture se Samjho
🔐 Deep Concept: “Saturated” ka matlab “Gaadha” nahi hota
Baat 1: Saturated aur concentrated do alag sawaal hain. “Saturated” ka sawaal hai: kya aur ghul sakta hai? “Concentrated” ka sawaal hai: solvent ke hisaab se solute kitna hai? Baking soda ki solubility kam hai (100 g paani mein lagbhag 10 g). Toh baking soda ka saturated ghol bhi utna gaadha nahi hota jitna cheeni ka ek unsaturated ghol ho sakta hai, jaise 100 g paani mein 50 g cheeni.
Baat 2: Saturated ghol mein bhi doosri cheez ghul sakti hai! Namak ka saturated ghol sirf namak ke liye “full” hai. Usme thodi cheeni daalo, toh woh ghul sakti hai. Har solute ki had alag ginti jaati hai.
Baat 3: Golu ki chai kaise theek ho? Neeche jami cheeni ghulane ke do tareeke: (1) aur solvent daalo, yaani thodi aur chai ya paani, toh had badh jaayegi. (2) Chai ko thoda garam karo, kyunki garam ghol mein cheeni zyada ghulti hai. Sirf hilaane se kuch nahi hoga, kyunki hilaana sirf ghulne ki raftaar badhata hai, had nahi.
✏️ Examples: Saturated hai ya Unsaturated?
Isme abhi aur cheeni aaram se ghul jaayegi.
Us taapmaan par aur cheeni nahi ghul rahi, extra neeche baithi hai.
Chutki test: ghul gaya, matlab had abhi baaki thi.
Paani ne jitna namak gholna tha ghol liya, baaki neeche bacha hai.
Pehle ko 100 mL pe laao: 10 × 2 = 20 g. Doosre mein 100 mL pe 15 g. Toh 20 g wala zyada gaadha hai.
Paani udta jaata hai, solvent kam hota jaata hai. Ek samay ghol saturated ho jaata hai aur namak ke kan (crystals) bahar aane lagte hain.
⚖️ Difference Table: Unsaturated vs Saturated Solution
| Baat | Unsaturated solution | Saturated solution |
|---|---|---|
| Aur solute ghulega? | Haan, us taapmaan par aur ghul sakta hai | Nahi, us taapmaan par aur nahi ghulta |
| Chutki test | Chutki ghul jaati hai | Chutki neeche baith jaati hai |
| Neeche kya dikhta hai? | Kuch nahi, ghol saaf | Aksar extra solute neeche jama hota hai |
| Solute ki matra | Solubility se kam | Solubility ke barabar (had tak) |
| Example | Glass bhar paani mein 1 chammach namak | Golu ki chai jiske neeche cheeni jami hai |
🚫 Misconceptions: Log aisa sochte hain… lekin
❌ “Zor se aur der tak hilaao toh sab ghul jaayega.”
✅ Sach: hilaane se ghulna jaldi hota hai, lekin had nahi badhti. Saturated ghol mein extra solute hilaane ke baad bhi neeche hi rahega.
❌ “Paani mein koi bhi cheez jitni chahe utni ghul sakti hai.”
✅ Sach: tay matra ke paani ki ek had hoti hai, aur har solute ki had alag hoti hai.
❌ “Saturated ghol hamesha bahut gaadha hota hai.”
✅ Sach: jis cheez ki solubility kam hai (jaise baking soda), uska saturated ghol bhi patla ho sakta hai.
❌ “Neeche baitha namak bhi solution ka hissa hai.”
✅ Sach: solution sirf upar ka uniform ghol hai. Neeche ka namak ghula hi nahi, woh alag pada hai.
❌ “Ek baar saturated, hamesha saturated.”
✅ Sach: aur paani daalne se ya (zyaadatar solids ke liye) garam karne se woh phir unsaturated ho sakta hai.
🔤 Key Terms (Exam mein English shabd hi likhna)
❓ FAQs
1. Kaise pata karein ki ghol saturated hai ya nahi?
Usi taapmaan par usi solute ki ek chutki daalo aur hilao. Ghul gayi toh unsaturated; nahi ghuli aur neeche baith gayi toh saturated.
2. Saturated ghol ko phir unsaturated kaise banayein?
Do tareeke: (1) usme aur solvent (paani) milao. (2) Zyaadatar solids ke liye ghol ko garam karo. Dono se had badh jaati hai aur ghol phir aur solute le sakta hai.
3. Solubility “100 g paani” ke liye hi kyun batate hain?
Taaki sab cheezon ki tulna ek hi paimane pe ho sake. Jaise hum marks ko “100 mein se” batate hain, waise hi solubility ko “100 g (ya 100 mL) solvent mein” batate hain.
4. Kya concentrated aur saturated ek hi baat hai?
Nahi. Saturated matlab “aur nahi ghulega”. Concentrated matlab “solute kaafi zyada hai”. Ek ghol concentrated ho kar bhi unsaturated ho sakta hai (jaise chashni banate waqt, jab aur cheeni ghul rahi ho).
5. Jab saturated namak-paani se paani udta hai toh kya hota hai?
Solvent kam ho jaata hai, lekin itne namak ko ghole rakhne ke liye utna paani chahiye. Isliye extra namak thos crystals ke roop mein bahar aa jaata hai. Samudra ke paani se namak isi tarah banta hai.
🧪 Activity (NCERT): Aadha glass paani, kitne chammach namak?
Saamaan: ek saaf glass, paani, namak, ek chammach, aur copy-pen.
Kya dikhega: shuru ke kuch chammach poori tarah ghul jaayenge aur ghol saaf rahega. Ek point ke baad, kitna bhi hilaao, namak glass ke neeche jamne lagega.
Nishkarsh: tay matra ka paani, ek taapmaan par, ek had tak hi namak ghol sakta hai. Jab tak aur ghul raha tha, ghol unsaturated tha; jab aur ghulna band hua, ghol saturated ho gaya.
Yeh activity NCERT ki Class 8 Science book Curiosity (Chapter 9) par aadharit hai, aur yahan apne shabdon mein samjhayi gayi hai.
🏠 Mini Experiments (Ghar pe)
Isse kya pata chala? Namak jaldi saturated ho jaata hai; cheeni bahut zyada ghulti hai. Har solute ki solubility alag hai.
Activity wale glass mein (jiske neeche namak jama hai) thoda aur paani daalo aur hilao. Neeche ka namak ghul jaayega. Kyunki solvent badhne se had bhi badh gayi, aur saturated ghol phir unsaturated ban gaya.
Do glass nimbu-pani banao: ek mein 1 chammach cheeni, doosre mein 3 chammach (paani barabar). Chakh kar batao kaun zyada meetha hai. Zyada meetha = zyada concentrated. Ab meethe wale mein aadha glass paani milao: woh patla (dilute) ho jaayega.
🧠 Think Like a Scientist
Sawaal: Rohan kehta hai, “Saturated ghol mein bhi namak ghul jaayega, bas 5 minute aur hilaana padega.” Ek scientist ki tarah ise kaise check karoge?
Scientist ka tareeka dekho
1. Observe (dekho): glass ke neeche namak jama hai, 1 minute hilaane ke baad bhi.
2. Guess (anumaan): agar Rohan sahi hai, toh 5 minute aur hilaane par neeche ka namak khatam ho jaana chahiye.
3. Test (jaanch): do ek jaise saturated glass lo. Ek ko 5 minute lagaataar hilao, doosre ko bas rakha rehne do. Dono ka taapmaan same rakho (dhoop ya garmi mein mat rakho).
4. Result: dono glass mein lagbhag utna hi namak neeche bacha rehta hai.
5. Conclusion: hilaane se ghulne ki raftaar badhti hai, had nahi. Had sirf solvent ki matra aur taapmaan se badalti hai. Rohan ka andaaza galat nikla. 🔬
🌍 Real Life Mein Saturation
- ☕ Chai aur sharbat: zyada cheeni daalne par neeche cheeni bach jaati hai. Ab aap jaante ho: thoda aur paani ya garmi chahiye, sirf hilaana kaafi nahi.
- 🧂 Namak ki kyaariyaan: samudra ka paani dhoop mein udta hai, ghol saturated hota hai aur namak ke crystals bante hain. Gujarat aur Tamil Nadu ke tat pe aise namak banta hai.
- 🥒 Achaar aur murabba: namak ya cheeni ka bahut gaadha ghol khaane ko jaldi kharaab hone se bachata hai.
- 🥤 ORS: ORS ek tay concentration ka ghol hai. Isliye packet pe likha paani hi milana chahiye; na zyada gaadha, na zyada patla.
- 🍯 Mishri (rock sugar): cheeni ka bahut gaadha garam ghol thanda hone par cheeni ke bade crystals ban jaate hain. Saturation ka mazedaar istemaal!
🔁 Recap: Poora Post Ek Nazar Mein
- Tay matra ka solvent, ek taapmaan par, ek had tak hi solute ghol sakta hai.
- Unsaturated: aur solute ghul sakta hai. Saturated: aur nahi ghulta, extra neeche baithta hai.
- Chutki test: chutki ghuli → unsaturated; nahi ghuli → saturated.
- Solubility = 100 g (ya 100 mL) solvent mein, ek taapmaan par, zyada se zyada kitna solute ghulta hai. Cheeni ki bahut zyada, namak ki kam, baking soda ki aur kam.
- Hilaane se raftaar badhti hai, had nahi. Aur solvent ya (zyaadatar solids ke liye) garmi se had badhti hai.
- Concentrated = solute zyada, dilute = solute kam. Tulna ek hi matra ke solvent pe karo (2 chammach/100 mL vs 4 chammach/50 mL → doosra 4 guna gaadha).
- Saturated ka matlab hamesha “bahut gaadha” nahi hota.
✍️ Fill in the Blanks
- Jis ghol mein us taapmaan par aur solute ghul sakta hai, use ______ solution kehte hain.
- Jis ghol mein us taapmaan par aur solute nahi ghul sakta, use ______ solution kehte hain.
- 100 g solvent mein, ek taapmaan par, kisi solute ki zyada se zyada ghulne wali matra ko uski ______ kehte hain.
- Hilaane se ghulne ki ______ badhti hai, had nahi.
- Jis ghol mein solute kam ho, use ______ solution kehte hain.
- Saturated ghol mein aur ______ milaane se woh phir unsaturated ho jaata hai.
Answers
1) unsaturated · 2) saturated · 3) solubility · 4) raftaar (speed) · 5) dilute · 6) solvent (paani)
✅ True / False
- Paani mein namak jitna chahe utna ghul sakta hai.
- Saturated ghol mein us taapmaan par aur wahi solute nahi ghulta.
- Ek hi taapmaan aur ek hi matra ke solvent mein, unsaturated ghol mein saturated ghol se zyada solute ghula hota hai.
- Cheeni aur namak ki solubility barabar hoti hai.
- 2 chammach namak/100 mL paani wala ghol, 4 chammach namak/50 mL paani wale ghol se zyada concentrated hai.
- Saturated ghol mein paani milaane se neeche jama solute ghul sakta hai.
Answers (kyun ke saath)
1) False: tay matra ke paani ki ek had hai; uske baad namak neeche baith jaata hai.
2) True: yahi saturated ki paribhasha hai.
3) False: ulta hai. Saturated mein had tak (sabse zyada) solute hota hai; unsaturated mein usse kam.
4) False: cheeni bahut zyada ghulti hai (100 g paani mein lagbhag 200 g), namak lagbhag 36 g.
5) False: doosre mein har 100 mL pe 8 chammach hai, pehle mein sirf 2. Doosra 4 guna zyada concentrated hai.
6) True: solvent badhne se had badhti hai, ghol phir unsaturated ho jaata hai.
🔘 MCQs
Q1. Saturated solution woh hai jisme: (a) solute bilkul nahi ho (b) us taapmaan par aur solute na ghule (c) solvent na ho (d) hamesha garam paani ho
✅ (b): had tak solute ghul chuka hai, aur nahi ghulta.
(a) bina solute ke toh solution hi nahi banta.
(c) solvent ke bina ghol nahi banta.
(d) saturated ghol kisi bhi taapmaan par ho sakta hai.
Q2. Ek ghol mein chutki namak daala aur woh ghul gaya. Ghol tha: (a) Saturated (b) Unsaturated (c) Non-uniform (d) Shuddh paani
✅ (b) Unsaturated: chutki ghul gayi, yaani had abhi baaki thi.
(a) saturated mein chutki neeche baith jaati.
(c) namak-paani uniform mixture hai.
(d) usme pehle se namak tha, isliye shuddh paani nahi.
Q3. Saturated ghol mein neeche jama solute ghulane ka sahi tareeka hai: (a) aur solute daalna (b) aur solvent milaana (c) glass ko dhakna (d) glass ko fridge mein rakhna
✅ (b): solvent badhne se had badhti hai.
(a) aur solute daalne se neeche aur jama hoga.
(c) dhakne se had nahi badalti.
(d) thanda karne se zyaadatar solids ki had aur ghat jaati hai.
Q4. “Solubility” kis cheez ko batati hai? (a) Ghulne ki raftaar (b) Solvent ka rang (c) Tay matra ke solvent mein, ek taapmaan par, zyada se zyada ghulne wala solute (d) Solution ka vajan
✅ (c): yahi solubility ki paribhasha hai.
(a) raftaar hilaane se badalti hai, woh solubility nahi.
(b) rang ka isse lena-dena nahi.
(d) vajan solute + solvent hai, solubility nahi.
Q5. Kaunsa ghol sabse zyada concentrated hai? (a) 2 chammach namak/100 mL (b) 4 chammach namak/50 mL (c) 3 chammach namak/100 mL (d) 5 chammach namak/200 mL
✅ (b): har 100 mL pe 8 chammach.
(a) har 100 mL pe 2.
(c) har 100 mL pe 3.
(d) har 100 mL pe 2.5.
Q6. Saturated ghol ko 5 minute lagaataar hilaane se: (a) neeche ka saara solute ghul jaayega (b) ghol unsaturated ho jaayega (c) had nahi badlegi, neeche ka solute bacha rahega (d) solvent gayab ho jaayega
✅ (c): hilaana sirf raftaar badhata hai.
(a) had poori ho chuki hai, saara nahi ghulega.
(b) unsaturated banane ke liye solvent ya (zyaadatar) garmi chahiye.
(d) hilaane se paani gayab nahi hota.
Q7. 100 g paani mein lagbhag 20 °C par sabse zyada kaun ghulta hai? (a) Namak (b) Baking soda (c) Cheeni (d) Reth
✅ (c) Cheeni: lagbhag 200 g.
(a) namak lagbhag 36 g.
(b) baking soda lagbhag 10 g.
(d) reth ghulti hi nahi.
Q8. Ek glucose ke ghol mein us taapmaan par aur glucose nahi ghul sakta. Ise kahenge: (a) Dilute ghol (b) Unsaturated ghol (c) Saturated ghol (d) Non-uniform mixture
✅ (c) Saturated: aur na ghul paana hi saturated ki pehchaan hai.
(a) dilute ka matlab solute kam hai; yeh had ki baat nahi karta.
(b) unsaturated mein aur ghul sakta.
(d) ghula hua glucose uniform ghol banata hai.
🔗 Assertion–Reason
Options: (a) A aur R dono sahi, aur R, A ko samjhata hai · (b) A aur R dono sahi, par R, A ko nahi samjhata · (c) A sahi, R galat · (d) A galat, R sahi
1. A: Saturated namak ke ghol mein aur namak daalne par woh neeche baith jaata hai. R: Tay matra ka paani, ek taapmaan par, ek had tak hi namak ghol sakta hai.
✅ (a): had poori ho chuki hai, isliye extra namak neeche baithta hai. R hi A ka kaaran hai.
2. A: Saturated ghol ko zor se hilaane par woh unsaturated ho jaata hai. R: Hilaane se solute jaldi ghulta hai.
✅ (d): A galat hai (hilaane se had nahi badhti). R sahi hai (raftaar badhti hai).
3. A: Har cheez ki solubility alag hoti hai. R: Solubility hamesha 100 g solvent ke liye batayi jaati hai.
✅ (b): dono baatein sahi hain. Lekin “100 g ke liye batana” sirf tulna ka tareeka hai; yeh nahi samjhata ki alag cheezon ki solubility alag kyun hai.
📝 Very Short Answer (1 mark)
1. Saturated solution ki paribhasha likho.
Jis ghol mein us taapmaan par aur solute nahi ghul sakta, use saturated solution kehte hain.
2. Unsaturated solution ka ek ghar ka example do.
Ek glass paani mein ek chammach cheeni, jo poori ghul gayi ho.
3. Solubility ki tulna kis matra ke solvent pe ki jaati hai?
100 g (ya 100 mL) solvent pe, ek tay taapmaan par.
4. Saturated ghol ko unsaturated banane ka ek tareeka batao.
Usme aur solvent (paani) mila do.
5. Dilute solution kise kehte hain?
Jis ghol mein solvent ke hisaab se solute kam ho.
📝 Short Answer (2–3 marks)
1. Saturated aur unsaturated solution mein teen antar likho.
(1) Unsaturated mein us taapmaan par aur solute ghul sakta hai; saturated mein nahi. (2) Unsaturated mein chutki solute ghul jaata hai; saturated mein neeche baith jaata hai. (3) Unsaturated mein solute solubility se kam hai; saturated mein solubility ke barabar.
2. Ek ghol saturated hai ya nahi, yeh kaise jaanchoge?
Usi taapmaan par usi solute ki ek chutki daal kar hilao. Agar ghul jaaye toh ghol unsaturated tha. Agar na ghule aur neeche baith jaaye toh ghol saturated hai.
3. Golu ki chai mein neeche cheeni bach gayi. Use ghulane ke do tareeke likho aur batao ki sirf hilaana kyun kaafi nahi.
(1) Thodi aur chai ya garam paani milao, solvent badhega toh had badhegi. (2) Chai ko thoda garam karo, garam ghol mein cheeni zyada ghulti hai. Sirf hilaane se ghulne ki raftaar badhti hai, had nahi; chai saturated hai, isliye extra cheeni nahi ghulegi.
4. Kaun zyada concentrated hai: 2 chammach namak 100 mL paani mein, ya 4 chammach namak 50 mL paani mein? Hisaab dikhao.
Dono ko 100 mL pe laao. Pehla: 2 chammach/100 mL. Doosra: 50 mL mein 4, toh 100 mL mein 4 × 2 = 8 chammach. 8 > 2, isliye doosra ghol 4 guna zyada concentrated hai.
📝 Long Answer (5 marks)
1. Saturated solution, unsaturated solution aur solubility ko samjhao. Diagram ka varnan karo aur do real-life examples do.
Had ka idea: tay matra ka solvent, ek taapmaan par, ek had tak hi solute ghol sakta hai.
Unsaturated: jisme aur solute ghul sakta hai (jaise glass bhar paani mein ek chammach namak).
Saturated: jisme us taapmaan par aur solute nahi ghulta; extra solute neeche baithta hai.
Solubility: 100 g solvent mein, ek taapmaan par, zyada se zyada kitna solute ghulta hai. Lagbhag 20 °C par cheeni lagbhag 200 g, namak lagbhag 36 g, baking soda lagbhag 10 g.
Diagram: teen glass: pehle mein thoda namak (unsaturated), doosre mein had tak namak (saturated), teesre mein saturated ghol ke neeche bina ghula namak.
Real life: (1) bahut meethi chai ke neeche cheeni bachna; (2) samudra ka paani dhoop mein udne par saturated hona aur namak ke crystals banna.
2. “Aadha glass paani, kitne chammach namak” activity ka varnan karo: saamaan, steps, observation, nishkarsh. Do dost ki ginti alag kyun aa sakti hai?
Saamaan: glass, paani, namak, chammach, copy.
Steps: aadha glass paani lo; ek-ek chammach namak daal kar poora ghulne tak hilao; har chammach ka record rakho; jab hilaane par bhi namak neeche bache, ruk jao.
Observation: shuru ke kuch chammach ghul jaate hain; ek point ke baad namak neeche jamne lagta hai.
Nishkarsh: paani ki namak gholne ki ek had hai. Pehle ghol unsaturated tha, aakhir mein saturated ho gaya.
Ginti alag kyun: glass mein paani ki matra, chammach ka size aur paani ka taapmaan alag ho sakta hai. Isliye scientist solubility ko tay matra (100 g) aur tay taapmaan ke saath batate hain.
📰 Case-Based Question
Ramesh bhaiya ki shikanji ki thela-gaadi hai. Subah woh ek bade jug mein paani lete hain aur usme cheeni gholte hain. Ek din unke naye helper ne itni cheeni daal di ki hilaane ke baad bhi jug ke neeche cheeni jam gayi. Ramesh bhaiya ne jug mein do glass thanda paani aur milaya, achhe se hilaya, aur neeche ki cheeni ghul gayi. Usi din unhone namak-paani ka ek doosra jug bhi rakha, jisme tale pe namak ke daane pade the.
Q1. Helper ki galti ke baad cheeni wala ghol kaisa tha: saturated ya unsaturated? Kaise pata?
Saturated. Kyunki hilaane ke baad bhi extra cheeni ghuli nahi aur neeche jam gayi.
Q2. Paani milaane ke baad cheeni kyun ghul gayi?
Solvent (paani) badhne se cheeni gholne ki had badh gayi. Ghol phir unsaturated ho gaya aur neeche ki cheeni ghul gayi.
Q3. Paani milaane ke baad shikanji zyada concentrated hui ya dilute? Kyun?
Dilute (patli). Cheeni ki matra lagbhag wahi rahi (pehle bas neeche padi thi), lekin paani zyada ho gaya, toh har glass mein cheeni ka hissa kam ho gaya.
Q4. Namak-paani wale jug ke ghol ke baare mein kya keh sakte hain?
Woh saturated hai. Tale pe pade daane batate hain ki us taapmaan par paani aur namak nahi ghol pa raha.
🚀 HOTS
1. Priya ke paas ek saaf namak ka ghol hai, neeche kuch jama nahi hai. Kya hum pakka keh sakte hain ki woh unsaturated hai?
Pakka nahi. Ho sakta hai woh bilkul had tak bhara ho (saturated) aur bas extra namak daala hi na gaya ho. Jaanchne ke liye chutki test karo: chutki ghule toh unsaturated, na ghule toh saturated.
2. Saturated namak ke ghol mein thodi cheeni daali gayi. Kya woh ghulegi? Kyun?
Haan, ghul sakti hai. Ghol sirf namak ke liye saturated hai. Cheeni ki apni alag had hoti hai, jo abhi poori nahi hui.
3. Ek saturated namak ka ghol khuli plate mein dhoop mein rakha. Do ghante baad plate ke kinaron pe safed daane dikhe. Samjhao.
Dhoop mein paani udta gaya, yaani solvent kam hota gaya. Kam paani utna namak ghole nahi rakh sakta, isliye extra namak thos crystals ke roop mein bahar aa gaya. Samudra se namak isi tarah banaya jaata hai.
🏆 Olympiad Corner
1. Ek taapmaan par 100 g paani mein 36 g namak ghul kar ghol saturated ho jaata hai. Usi taapmaan par 50 g paani mein zyada se zyada kitna namak ghulega? (a) 36 g (b) 72 g (c) 18 g (d) 9 g
✅ (c) 18 g: aadha paani, aadhi had: 36 ÷ 2 = 18 g. (a) yeh 100 g paani ki had hai. (b) yeh 200 g paani ki had hogi. (d) yeh 25 g paani ki had hogi.
2. Usi taapmaan par 100 g paani mein 40 g namak daala (had 36 g). Kitna namak neeche bachega, aur bane hue saturated ghol ka mass kitna hoga? (a) 4 g, 136 g (b) 4 g, 140 g (c) 0 g, 140 g (d) 36 g, 104 g
✅ (a) 4 g, 136 g: 40 − 36 = 4 g neeche bachega. Ghol mein sirf ghula namak ginte hain: 100 + 36 = 136 g. (b) neeche ka namak ghol ka hissa nahi. (c) had 36 g hai, toh saara nahi ghulega. (d) ulta hisaab hai.
3. Usi taapmaan par 250 g paani ko saturated karne ke liye kitna namak chahiye? (a) 36 g (b) 72 g (c) 90 g (d) 250 g
✅ (c) 90 g: har 100 g pe 36 g, toh 250 g pe 36 × 2.5 = 90 g. (a) sirf 100 g ka hai. (b) 200 g ka hai. (d) paani ke barabar namak nahi ghulta.
📚 Aur Padho (External Reference)
- NCERT Class 8 Science Curiosity, Chapter 9 (official PDF)
- DIKSHA: Sarkar ka free learning platform, NCERT ke videos ke liye
💖 CharuMam Motivation
Aadha glass paani ek had tak hi namak ghol paata hai. Lekin jaise hi usme thoda aur paani milta hai, uski had badh jaati hai aur neeche pada namak bhi ghul jaata hai.
Aapka dimaag bhi aisa hi hai, beta. Kabhi lagega “bas, ab aur nahi samajh aa raha”, jaise ghol saturated ho gaya. Ghabraiye mat. Thoda aaram, ek naya example, ya kisi se ek sawaal poochh lena, yeh sab “aur paani” jaisa hai. Aapki had har din badhti hai. Zor se hilaane ki nahi, sahi tareeke ki zaroorat hai. 🌱
— CharuMam
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