Chapter Practice + Test Paper (Loops ka Final Round!)
Poore Computer Chapter 6 ki ek-page revision, confuse karne wali jodiyan, trace table ka tareeka, Python mini project, aur 40 marks ka model test paper: sab answers ke saath 📝🐍
🧭 Is Post Mein
📖 Kahani: “Loop toh ghoom-ghoom ke chakkar dila raha hai!”
Computer lab mein Golu ne sir pakad liya: “range(1, 10) mein 10 aata hai ya nahi? while ke baad i kitna hota hai? break aur continue mein kaun kya karta hai? Sab gol-gol ghoom raha hai, bilkul loop ki tarah!” 😵💫
Rohan hansa: “Main toh code chala kar dekh leta hoon, output aa jaata hai.”
Priya ne notebook kholi: “Exam mein computer nahi milega, Rohan! Wahan bina chalaaye output batana hota hai. Iska ek hi tareeka hai: trace table. Har chakkar mein variable ki value likho, shart check karo, aur dekho kya chhapa. Aur poora chapter sirf 4 cheezon par tika hai: loop kya hai, for + range, while, aur break-continue-pass.”
Teeno ne ek page ka chapter map banaya, phir ghadi lagakar model test paper solve kiya. Aaj hum bhi wahi karenge. Taiyaar? ⏱️
🎯 Is Post Mein Kya Milega (aur kaise use karein)
- Chapter Map: Chapter 6 ke saare topics ek table mein: matlab, syntax aur yaad rakhne ki trick
- 3 diagrams: chapter ka mind map, “for ya while?” decision flowchart, aur break/continue/pass ka raasta
- Trace table ka tareeka (bina chalaaye output nikalna) aur 5 solved examples
- Sabse zyada confuse hone wali jodiyan aur galatfehmiyan
- Python Mini Project: “Golu ki Dukaan ka Bill”, jisme for, while, break, continue aur pass sab ek saath (AI Tutor mein chalega)
- Warm-up (Fill in the Blanks, True/False) → Model Test Paper (40 marks, 1 ghanta) → HOTS → Cyber Olympiad
Kaise use karein: Pehle A se D tak padho (25–30 min). Phir copy-pen lekar Test Paper khud solve karo, ghadi lagakar, bina code chalaaye. Answer tabhi kholna jab apna jawaab likh lo. Aakhir mein marks gino, phir galat wale code AI Tutor mein chala kar dekho. 💪
🧱 Basics: Computer Chapter 6 ke Saare Posts (revision links)
Agar test mein koi topic kamzor lage, toh yeh post dobara padho:
- Loop Kya Hai?: loop ka matlab, iteration, loop ke 5 hisse, colon aur indentation
- for Loop aur range(): range ke teen roop, ulti ginti, khaali range, values ginna
- for Loop ke Kamaal: string/list par loop, pahada, jod, ginti, guna, star patterns, nested loop
- while Loop: S-S-K-B (Shuruaat, Shart, Kaam, Badlaav), digits ka khel, infinite loop
- break, continue aur pass: jump statements, while True + break
💡 Concept: Poora Chapter Ek Table Mein (Chapter Map)
Loop matlab kuch instructions ko baar-baar chalana. Body ka ek baar chalna = ek iteration (chakkar). Kyun zaroori? Kyunki 100 baar print likhne ki jagah 2 line ka loop kaafi hai: code chhota, galti kam, aur badlaav aasaan (100 ko 1000 karna ho toh sirf ek number badlo).
| Topic | Ek line mein | Syntax / yaad rakhne ki trick |
|---|---|---|
| Loop ke hisse | Shuruaat → shart → body → update → exit | Update bhoole = infinite loop (Ctrl + C se roko) |
| Colon + Indent | Loop line ke aakhir mein colon, body 4 space andar | Colon bhoole = SyntaxError · body khaali/galat indent = IndentationError |
| for loop | Sequence ki har value ke liye ek chakkar | for i in range(…): · for ch in “naam”: · for x in [list]: |
| range(stop) | 0 se stop − 1 tak | range(5) → 0 1 2 3 4 |
| range(start, stop) | start se stop − 1 tak | 1 se n chahiye toh range(1, n + 1) |
| range(start, stop, step) | Har baar step ki chhalaang | Stop kabhi shaamil nahi · ulti ginti: range(10, 0, -1) · step 0 = ValueError |
| Patterns | Jod, ginti, guna, pahada, stars | total = 0 · ginti = 0 · guna = 1 · loop se pehle banao |
| while loop | Jab tak shart True, body dohraao | S-S-K-B: Shuruaat, Shart, Kaam, Badlaav |
| Digits ka khel | Number ke digits ek-ek karke | n % 10 = aakhri digit · n // 10 = aakhri digit hatao |
| break | Poora loop turant khatam | “Bas! Loop khatam.” |
| continue | Sirf yeh chakkar chhodo, agla lo | “Yeh chakkar chhodo.” Loop chalta rehta hai |
| pass | Kuch nahi karta, khaali jagah bharta hai | “Abhi kuch nahi.” IndentationError se bachata hai |
🖼️ Diagrams: Picture se Samjho
🔐 Deep Concept: Trace Table: Bina Chalaaye Output Nikalna
Exam mein computer nahi hota, isliye aapko Python ki tarah sochna padta hai. Trace table ek table hai jisme har chakkar ki values likhte hain. Iske 4 niyam:
Example: is code ka trace table:
n = 4072 # shuruaat jod = 0 # gullak while n > 0: # shart jod = jod + n % 10 # aakhri digit jodo n = n // 10 # aakhri digit hatao print(jod)
| Chakkar | n > 0? | n % 10 | jod | n (naya) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 4072 > 0 ✅ | 2 | 0 + 2 = 2 | 407 |
| 2 | 407 > 0 ✅ | 7 | 2 + 7 = 9 | 40 |
| 3 | 40 > 0 ✅ | 0 | 9 + 0 = 9 | 4 |
| 4 | 4 > 0 ✅ | 4 | 9 + 4 = 13 | 0 |
| – | 0 > 0 ❌ ruko | print(jod) → 13 | ||
WHY yeh tareeka kaam karta hai: Computer bhi yahi karta hai: ek line, phir agli line, aur har baar memory mein value badalta hai. Aap bas uski “memory” ko table mein likh rahe ho.
Chakkar ginne ki shortcut: range(start, stop, step) mein values = (stop − start) ÷ step, aur agar dashamlav aaye toh upar wala poora number. Jaise range(3, 20, 4): (20 − 3) ÷ 4 = 4.25 → 5 values (3, 7, 11, 15, 19). Shaq ho toh len(range(3, 20, 4)) chala kar dekho.
✏️ Solved Examples (trace karke)
for i in range(2, 11, 3): # 2 se shuru, 3 ki chhalaang, 11 se pehle ruko print(i, end=" ") # ek hi line mein, space ke saath
WHY: 2 → 5 → 8 → agla 11 hota, par stop (11) kabhi shaamil nahi.
c = 0 # chakkar ginne ka counter for i in range(10, 0, -3): # 10 se neeche, 3-3 kam print(i, end=" ") # value chhapo c = c + 1 # ek chakkar aur print() # nayi line print("Chakkar:", c) # kul chakkar
WHY: 1 ke baad −2 aata, jo stop (0) se bhi neeche hai, isliye ruk gaye. Formula: (0 − 10) ÷ (−3) = 3.33 → upar ka poora number 4.
for i in range(1, 10): # 1 se 9 if i % 2 == 0: # even number? continue # chhodo, agla chakkar if i > 6: # 6 se bada odd number? break # loop khatam print(i, end=" ") # bache hue odd numbers
WHY: 2, 4, 6 continue se chhoote. 7 odd hai par 7 > 6, toh break: 7 nahi chhapa aur 8, 9 tak loop pahuncha hi nahi.
c = 0 # counter for i in range(3): # bahar ka loop: 3 chakkar for j in range(4): # andar ka loop: har baar 4 chakkar c = c + 1 # andar ki body print(c)
WHY: Andar ki body = bahar ke chakkar × andar ke chakkar = 3 × 4 = 12.
guna = 1 # guna 1 se shuru (0 se nahi!) for i in range(1, 6): # 1 se 5 guna = guna * i # har number se guna print(guna) # 5! = 1×2×3×4×5
WHY: guna = 0 se shuru karte toh 0 × kuch bhi = 0 hi rehta. Jod ke liye 0, guna ke liye 1.
⚖️ Difference Table: Sabse Confuse Hone Wali Jodiyan
| Jodi | Pehla | Doosra |
|---|---|---|
| for vs while | for: chakkar pehle se pata; update Python khud karta hai | while: sirf shart pata; update aapko likhna hai, warna infinite loop |
| break vs continue | break: poora loop khatam | continue: sirf yeh chakkar chhoda, loop chalta rahega |
| continue vs pass | continue: neeche ki lines chhod kar agle chakkar par | pass: kuch nahi karta, neeche ki lines chalti rehti hain |
| range(5) vs range(1, 5) | 0 1 2 3 4 (5 values) | 1 2 3 4 (4 values) |
| SyntaxError vs IndentationError | Colon bhoole, ya break loop ke bahar | Body khaali ya galat space |
| Logic error vs Syntax error | Logic: code chalta hai, jawab galat (jaise total = 0 loop ke andar) | Syntax: code chalta hi nahi, error message aata hai |
| % vs // | n % 10: aakhri digit (shesh) | n // 10: aakhri digit hata kar bacha number (bhaagfal) |
🚫 Misconceptions: Log aisa sochte hain… lekin
🔤 Key Terms (Exam mein English shabd hi likhna)
❓ FAQs (Exam se pehle wale sawaal)
1. Kya har for loop ko while mein badla ja sakta hai?
Haan. for i in range(a, b, s) jaisa hi kaam: i = a (shuruaat), while i < b (shart, step positive ho toh), body, i = i + s (badlaav). for mein yeh teeno kaam Python khud karta hai, while mein aap likhte ho.
2. Loop khatam hone ke baad loop variable ki value kya hoti hai?
for loop mein: aakhri value jo mili (for i in range(4) ke baad i = 3). while i <= 5 wale loop mein: 6, kyunki 6 par hi shart False hui.
3. Infinite loop ho jaaye toh kya karein?
Ctrl + C dabao (AI Tutor mein loop 5 second baad apne aap rukta hai). Phir dekho: update likha hai? sahi disha mein hai? indent sahi hai?
4. Test mein output question kaise solve karein?
Trace table banao, har chakkar ek row. Dhyan do: end=” ” hai toh output ek line mein; print() bina kuch ke nayi line deta hai; stop value shaamil nahi.
5. Kya break aur continue for aur while dono mein chalte hain?
Haan, dono mein. Par loop ke bahar likhoge toh SyntaxError: ‘break’ outside loop aata hai.
🛠️ Python Mini Project: “Golu ki Dukaan ka Bill”
Golu ki dukaan par saaman ke daam ek list mein hain. Niyam: 0 = muft sample (bill mein mat jodo), -1 = bill yahin band. Phir Golu jaanna chahta hai ki roz Rs 15 gullak mein daal kar kitne din mein itne paise jama honge. Is ek program mein chapter ke saare topic hain!
Kahan chalaayein: CharuMam AI Tutor → 🐍 Python → Practice Karo. Code copy karke paste karo aur Run dabao.
daam = [40, 25, 0, 60, -1, 30] # saaman ke daam; 0 = muft, -1 = bill band total = 0 # bill ka gullak (jod 0 se shuru) ginti = 0 # kitne saaman bill mein aaye for d in daam: # list ka har daam ek-ek karke if d == -1: # bill band karne ka nishaan? break # poora loop khatam if d == 0: # muft sample? continue # jod mat karo, agla saaman total = total + d # daam bill mein jodo ginti = ginti + 1 # ek saaman aur gina print("Saaman", ginti, ": Rs", d) # har saaman chhapo print("Kul saaman:", ginti) # loop ke baad, ek baar print("Kul bill: Rs", total) # loop ke baad, ek baar if total > 500: # bade bill par discount... pass # ...baad mein likhenge, abhi khaali jama = 0 # while ki Shuruaat din = 0 # din ginne ka counter while jama < total: # Shart: bill jitna jama nahi hua din = din + 1 # Kaam: ek din aur jama = jama + 15 # Badlaav: Rs 15 gullak mein print("Golu ki gullak:", din, "din mein Rs", jama)
Yeh code kaam kyun karta hai?
- for d in daam: list par for loop, har daam ek baar d mein aata hai.
- break: -1 milte hi loop khatam, isliye aakhri 30 bill mein nahi aaya.
- continue: 0 par neeche ki teen lines chhoot gayi, isliye muft sample na jud saka na gina gaya.
- Accumulator + counter: total aur ginti loop se pehle 0 kiye, andar badhaaye, baad mein chhape.
- pass: if ki body abhi khaali chhodni thi; pass ke bina IndentationError aata.
- while: din pehle se pata nahi tha, sirf shart (jama < total) pata thi. 15 × 8 = 120 abhi bhi 125 se kam, 15 × 9 = 135 ho gaya, toh 9 din.
🧩 Try It Yourself
- Project ki list mein 30 se pehle wala -1 hata do. Ab Kul bill kitna aayega? Pehle trace se socho, phir chala kar dekho.
Jawab
40 + 25 + 60 + 30 = Rs 155, ginti 4. Gullak: 15 × 11 = 165 ≥ 155, toh 11 din (15 × 10 = 150 kam pada).
- 1 se 30 tak ke woh numbers chhapo jo 3 se bhi divisible hon aur 5 se bhi.
Ek tareeka
for n in range(1, 31): # 1 se 30 if n % 3 == 0 and n % 5 == 0: # dono se divisible? print(n) # 15 aur 30 chhapega
- while loop se 1000 ko baar-baar 2 se bhaag do (// 2) jab tak number 1 na ho jaaye. Kitne chakkar lage?
Jawab
1000 → 500 → 250 → 125 → 62 → 31 → 15 → 7 → 3 → 1: 9 chakkar.
🛡️ Good Habits: Loop Likhne ki Checklist
🧠 Think Like a Programmer: 1 se 100 ka Jod
total = 0
for i in range(1, 100): # galti: 100 shaamil nahi hoga!
total = total + i
print(total)
total = 0 # gullak for i in range(1, 101): # 1 se 100 (101 shaamil nahi) total = total + i # har number jodo print(total) # loop ke baad
WHY: Shortcut se jaancho: n × (n + 1) ÷ 2 = 100 × 101 ÷ 2 = 5050. Dono tareeke ek jawab de rahe hain, toh bharosa pakka.
🌍 Real Life Mein Loops
- Mobile ka alarm: “snooze” dabate raho, har 5 minute mein dobara bajta hai (jab tak band na karo = while).
- WhatsApp group message: ek message group ke har member tak jaata hai (list par for loop).
- Dukaan ka billing machine: har saaman scan, jod mein daalo, “Total” dabate hi ruk jao (loop + break).
- Cricket scoreboard: har gend ke baad score update, target poora hote hi match khatam (while True + break).
- Video game: game loop har second kai baar chalta hai: input lo, screen badlo, check karo game over hua kya.
🔁 Recap: Poora Computer Chapter 6 Ek Nazar Mein
- Loop = baar-baar chalana; ek chakkar = iteration. Colon + 4 space indent zaroori.
- for = ginti/sequence pata; while = sirf shart pata (S-S-K-B).
- range(stop), range(start, stop), range(start, stop, step): stop kabhi shaamil nahi; ulti ginti mein step minus; step 0 = ValueError.
- Gullak: jod 0 se, guna 1 se, loop se pehle. Nested loop chakkar = bahar × andar.
- % 10 = aakhri digit, // 10 = aakhri digit hatao.
- break = poora loop khatam · continue = yeh chakkar chhodo · pass = kuch nahi, khaali jagah bharo.
- Output nikaalne ka hathiyaar: trace table.
✍️ Warm-up 1: Fill in the Blanks
1. range(stop) hamesha ______ se shuru hota hai.
0
2. for aur while wali line ke aakhir mein ______ lagta hai.
colon ( : )
3. ______ statement kuch nahi karta; sirf khaali jagah bharta hai.
pass
4. Jo loop kabhi nahi rukta, use ______ loop kehte hain.
infinite
5. range(1, 6) ki aakhri value ______ hai.
5 (stop 6 shaamil nahi)
6. Factorial nikaalte waqt guna wala variable ______ se shuru karte hain.
1 (0 se shuru karte toh jawab hamesha 0 aata)
✅ Warm-up 2: True / False
1. while loop mein shart body chalne ke baad check hoti hai.
False: shart pehle check hoti hai, isliye body 0 baar bhi chal sakti hai.
2. range(2, 9, 2) mein 8 aata hai.
True: values 2, 4, 6, 8; agla 10 hota jo 9 se aage hai.
3. break ko loop ke bahar bhi likh sakte hain.
False: loop ke bahar likhne par SyntaxError: ‘break’ outside loop.
4. for loop ek string ke har akshar par chal sakta hai.
True: string bhi ek sequence hai; for ch in “LOOP” chaar baar chalega.
5. range() mein step negative ho sakta hai.
True: ulti ginti ke liye, jaise range(10, 0, -1). Sirf step 0 nahi ho sakta.
6. continue chalte hi loop poora khatam ho jaata hai.
False: woh break karta hai. continue sirf is chakkar ki baaki lines chhodta hai.
📝 Model Test Paper: Computer Chapter 6 (Loops in Python)
Samay: 1 ghanta · Poorank: 40 · Saare sawaal zaroori. Code bina chalaaye solve karo. Section A (8) + B (3) + C (5) + D (8) + E (8) + F (8) = 40.
🔘 Section A: MCQs 8 × 1
1. range(3, 12, 3) kaunsi values deta hai? (a) 3 6 9 (b) 3 6 9 12 (c) 0 3 6 9 (d) 6 9 12
✅ (a) 3 6 9: 3 se shuru, 3 ki chhalaang, 12 (stop) shaamil nahi.
(b) 12 stop hai, shaamil nahi hota.
(c) Start 3 diya hai, toh 0 se shuru nahi hoga.
(d) Pehli value start khud (3) hoti hai.
2. for ch in “LOOP”: kitni baar chalega? (a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 1
✅ (b) 4: L, O, O, P: chaar akshar, chaar chakkar.
(a) Do O alag-alag gine jaate hain.
(c) String mein 5 akshar nahi.
(d) for har akshar par chalta hai, poori string par ek baar nahi.
3. Kaunsa keyword sirf is chakkar ki baaki lines chhod kar agle chakkar par le jaata hai? (a) break (b) pass (c) continue (d) stop
✅ (c) continue.
(a) break poora loop khatam karta hai.
(b) pass kuch nahi karta, neeche ki lines chalti hain.
(d) stop Python ka keyword hi nahi hai.
4. Output kya hoga?
i = 1
while i < 10:
i = i * 2
print(i)
(a) 8 (b) 10 (c) 16 (d) 32
✅ (c) 16: 1 → 2 → 4 → 8 → 16; 16 < 10 False, ruk gaye.
(a) 8 < 10 True tha, isliye ek chakkar aur chala.
(b) i hamesha double hota hai, 10 kabhi nahi banta.
(d) 16 par shart False ho gayi, 32 tak nahi pahunche.
5. Inme se kaunsa infinite loop hai? (a) i = 0; while i < 5: i = i + 1 (b) i = 0; while i < 5: print(i) (c) for i in range(5): print(i) (d) i = 5; while i > 0: i = i − 1
✅ (b): body mein update nahi, i hamesha 0, shart hamesha True.
(a) i badhta hai, 5 par rukega.
(c) for loop 5 chakkar ke baad apne aap rukta hai.
(d) i ghatta hai, 0 par rukega.
6. for i in range(5, 1): kitni baar chalega? (a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 0 (d) Error aayega
✅ (c) 0: start (5) stop (1) se bada aur step +1 hai, toh range khaali.
(a) 4 tab hota jab range(5, 1, -1) hota.
(b) 5 values ka koi raasta nahi.
(d) Khaali range par error nahi aata, loop bas nahi chalta.
7. if x > 2: ke neeche koi indented line na ho, toh kaunsa error aayega? (a) NameError (b) IndentationError (c) TypeError (d) ValueError
✅ (b) IndentationError (expected an indented block). Isse bachne ke liye pass likhte hain.
(a) NameError tab aata jab koi variable bana hi na ho.
(c) TypeError galat type ke kaam par, jaise range(2.5).
(d) ValueError galat value par, jaise range step 0.
8. “Jab tak sahi password na mile, poochhte raho”: iske liye sabse sahi kya hai? (a) range ke saath for loop (b) while loop (c) pass (d) Loop ki zaroorat nahi
✅ (b) while loop: kitni baar poochhna padega, pehle se pata nahi; sirf shart pata hai.
(a) for ke liye ginti pehle se pata honi chahiye.
(c) pass kuch karta hi nahi.
(d) Baar-baar poochhna hai, toh loop chahiye.
🔗 Section B: Assertion–Reason 3 × 1
Options: (a) A aur R dono sahi, R, A ka sahi kaaran hai (b) A aur R dono sahi, par R, A ka kaaran nahi (c) A sahi, R galat (d) A galat, R sahi
1. A: for loop string ke har akshar par chal sakta hai. R: for loop mein loop variable ka update Python khud karta hai.
✅ (b): Dono baatein sahi hain, par string par chalne ka kaaran yeh hai ki string ek sequence hai; update apne aap hona alag baat hai.
2. A: Nested loop ke andar wale loop mein break dono loop khatam kar deta hai. R: break sirf usi loop ko todta hai jiske andar woh seedha likha hai.
✅ (d): A galat hai (bahar wala loop chalta rehta hai); R sahi hai.
3. A: while loop ki body ek baar bhi na chale, aisa ho sakta hai. R: while loop mein shart body se pehle check hoti hai.
✅ (a): Shart pehle check hoti hai, isliye shuru mein hi False ho toh body 0 baar chalegi. R hi A ka kaaran hai.
📝 Section C: Very Short Answer 5 × 1
1. Loop ki body ke ek baar chalne ko kya kehte hain?
Iteration (ek chakkar).
2. 10, 9, 8, …, 1 chhapne ke liye range likho.
range(10, 0, -1)
3. Kisi number ka aakhri digit kaunsa operator nikaalta hai?
% 10 (jaise 4072 % 10 = 2)
4. Chalte hue infinite loop ko kaunsi key rokti hai?
Ctrl + C
5. for i in range(4): pass ke baad print(i) kya chhapega?
3: for loop ke baad loop variable mein aakhri value rehti hai.
📝 Section D: Short Answer 4 × 2
1. for aur while loop mein do antar likho.
(i) for tab jab chakkar pehle se pata ho (range/string/list); while tab jab sirf shart pata ho. (ii) for mein update Python khud karta hai; while mein update aapko likhna padta hai, warna infinite loop.
2. break aur continue mein antar ek example se samjhao.
break poora loop khatam karta hai; continue sirf us chakkar ki baaki lines chhodta hai. range(1, 6) mein i == 3 par: break se output 1 2; continue se output 1 2 4 5 (print if ke baad ho).
3. Accumulator pattern kya hai? total = 0 loop se pehle kyun likhte hain?
Accumulator ek “gullak” variable hai jisme har chakkar mein value jodte hain (total = total + x). Ise loop se pehle 0 karte hain kyunki andar likha toh har chakkar mein gullak khaali ho jaayega aur jawab galat aayega (logic error).
4. pass ki zaroorat kyun padti hai? Ek example do.
Python mein colon ke baad kam se kam ek indented line zaroori hai. Abhi kuch likhna na ho toh khaali chhodne par IndentationError aata hai; pass likh kar jagah bhar dete hain. Example: if total > 500: pass (discount baad mein likhenge).
🐍 Section E: Output Pehchano / Galti Dhoondho 4 × 2
1. Output kya hoga?
s = "BANANA"
c = 0
for ch in s:
if ch == "A":
c = c + 1
print(c)
Output: 3
Kyun: B-A-N-A-N-A mein “A” teen baar aata hai; har A par counter 1 badha.
2. Galti dhoondho aur sahi output batao:
for i in range(1, 6)
print(i * i, end=" ")
Galti: for line ke aakhir mein colon nahi (SyntaxError: expected ‘:’). Sahi: for i in range(1, 6):
Output: 1 4 9 16 25 (1 se 5 ke square).
3. Rohan ko 1 se 5 ka jod chahiye tha, par 5 aaya. Galti kya hai?
for i in range(1, 6):
total = 0
total = total + i
print(total)
Logic error: total = 0 loop ke andar hai, toh har chakkar mein gullak khaali ho jaata hai; aakhri chakkar mein 0 + 5 = 5. Fix: total = 0 ko for se pehle likho. Tab output: 15.
4. Output kya hoga?
n = 5
while n > 0:
n = n - 2
if n == 1:
continue
print(n, end=" ")
Output: 3 -1
Trace: n = 5 → 3 (chhapa 3) → 1 (continue, nahi chhapa) → −1 (chhapa −1) → shart −1 > 0 False, ruk gaye. Dhyan do: update (n = n − 2) continue se pehle hai, isliye infinite loop nahi bana.
📝 Section F: Long Answer 2 × 4
1. while loop ke chaar hisse (S-S-K-B) samjhao, aur 2 se 20 tak ke even numbers aur unka jod chhapne ka program likho.
Shuruaat: loop se pehle variable ki pehli value (i = 2). Shart: jab tak True, loop chale (i <= 20). Kaam: body ka kaam (print, jod). Badlaav: update, taaki shart kabhi False ho (i = i + 2).
i = 2 # Shuruaat jod = 0 # gullak while i <= 20: # Shart print(i, end=" ") # Kaam: number chhapo jod = jod + i # Kaam: jod mein daalo i = i + 2 # Badlaav print() # nayi line print("Jod =", jod)
Jaanch: 10 even numbers, jod = 2 × (1 + 2 + … + 10) = 2 × 55 = 110.
2. break, continue aur pass teeno ek hi program mein dikhao, output likho, aur har ek ka kaam samjhao.
for i in range(1, 8): # 1 se 7 if i == 6: # 6 par break # poora loop khatam if i == 3: # 3 par continue # yeh chakkar chhodo if i == 4: # 4 par pass # kuch nahi, aage badho print(i, end=" ") print() print("Khatam")
break (i = 6): loop wahin khatam, 6 aur 7 kabhi nahi aaye. continue (i = 3): print chhoot gaya, isliye 3 nahi chhapa. pass (i = 4): kuch nahi kiya, print chala, isliye 4 chhapa. Yahi pass aur continue ka asli fark hai.
Apna score: 36–40: Shandaar! 🏆 · 28–35: Bahut achha, galtiyon wale post ek baar padho · 20–27: Thodi aur mehnat, Recap aur Difference Table dobara · 20 se kam: Chapter ke posts ek-ek karke dobara, phir yeh test phir se 💪
🚀 HOTS
1. for i in range(3, 16, 4): print(i, end=” “) ko while loop mein badlo. Dono ka output same hona chahiye.
i = 3 # start while i < 16: # stop (shaamil nahi, isliye <) print(i, end=" ") # body i = i + 4 # step
WHY: range ka start = shuruaat, stop = shart (<), step = badlaav. <= 16 likhte toh bhi yahan same aata, par niyam yaad rakhne ke liye < hi sahi mel hai.
2. Golu 1 se 50 tak ke number chhapna chahta hai, par 5 ke multiples chhod kar, aur jo pehla number 7 aur 4 dono se divisible ho wahan ruk jaana hai (use nahi chhapna). Program likho. Kitne number chhapenge?
ginti = 0 # kitne chhape for n in range(1, 51): # 1 se 50 if n % 7 == 0 and n % 4 == 0: # 7 aur 4 dono se divisible? print() # nayi line print("Ruk gaye:", n) break # loop khatam if n % 5 == 0: # 5 ka multiple? continue # chhodo print(n, end=" ") ginti = ginti + 1 print("Chhape gaye:", ginti)
WHY: 7 aur 4 dono se divisible pehla number 28 hai. 1 se 27 mein 27 number, unme 5 ke multiples 5 (5, 10, 15, 20, 25), toh 27 − 5 = 22. Break wali shart pehle rakhi, taaki agar woh number 5 ka multiple bhi hota toh bhi loop ruk jaata.
3. Cricket mein target 20 run hai, aur gendon ke run ek list mein hain: [4, 6, 1, 0, 6, 4, 2]. “while True + break” se batao kitni gend mein target poora hua. Yeh tareeka kab achha hai aur kya khatra hai?
runs = [4, 6, 1, 0, 6, 4, 2] # har gend ke run score = 0 # gullak gend = 0 # gend ginne ka counter (index bhi) while True: # chalte raho... score = score + runs[gend] # is gend ke run jodo gend = gend + 1 # agli gend if score >= 20: # target poora? break # ...jab tak target na mile print("Target poora!", gend, "gend mein", score, "run")
Kab achha: jab rukne ka faisla body ke beech mein (kaam karne ke baad) lena ho. Khatra: agar break ki shart kabhi sach na ho (jaise list ke saare run jod kar bhi 20 na bane), toh loop list ke aage jaane ki koshish karega aur error (IndexError) aayega, ya kahin aur infinite loop ban sakta hai. Isliye suraksha ke liye doosri shart bhi lagani chahiye, jaise “gend list ki lambaai tak hi”.
🏆 Cyber Olympiad Corner
1. Kitne star chhapenge?
for i in range(1, 5):
for j in range(i):
print("*", end="")
print()
(a) 10 (b) 16 (c) 4 (d) 20
✅ (a) 10: line 1 mein 1, line 2 mein 2, line 3 mein 3, line 4 mein 4: 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 = 10.
(b) 4 × 4 tab hota jab andar ka loop har baar 4 chakkar chalta.
(c) 4 toh sirf lines ki ginti hai.
(d) 20 tab hota jab har line mein 5 star hote (4 × 5); yahan har line mein i star hain.
2. len(range(3, 20, 4)) kya hai? (a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d) 17
✅ (b) 5: values 3, 7, 11, 15, 19. Formula: (20 − 3) ÷ 4 = 4.25 → upar ka poora number 5.
(a) Neeche ka number lene ki galti (19 chhoot gaya).
(c) 23 toh 20 se aage hai.
(d) 20 − 3 = 17 sirf doori hai, values ki ginti nahi.
3. Output kya hoga?
x = 1
while x < 50:
x = x * 3
print(x)
(a) 27 (b) 50 (c) 81 (d) 243
✅ (c) 81: 1 → 3 → 9 → 27 → 81; 27 < 50 tha toh ek chakkar aur chala, 81 < 50 False.
(a) 27 par shart abhi True thi.
(b) x hamesha 3 ka guna hai, 50 kabhi nahi banega.
(d) 81 par loop ruk chuka tha.
📚 Aur Padho (External Reference)
- Python docs: More Control Flow Tools: for, range(), break, continue, pass
- Python docs: range: range ke niyam detail mein
- Python docs: The while statement
💖 CharuMam Motivation
Test ke baad Golu bola: “Ma’am, trace table se maine Section E ke chaaron sawaal bina computer ke kar liye! Loop ab gol-gol nahi lagta, seedhi seedhi lagta hai.” 🎉
Beta, loop humein ek badi baat sikhata hai: chhota kaam, baar-baar, sahi tareeke se = bada nateeja. Roz 15 rupaye se Golu ki gullak bhar gayi, waise hi roz 20 minute ki practice se coding pakki ho jaati hai. Bas ek dhyan rakhna: har loop ko rukne ka raasta chahiye, aur har galti ko sudhaarne ka mauka. Galti ho toh ghabraana nahi, trace karo, fix karo, aage badho. Aap kal ke programmer ho! 🌱🐍
— CharuMam
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